Tópico 1 de Rumo ao B2 · B2
Terceiro condicional
Third conditional
Status:
O third conditional imagina um passado diferente: o que teria acontecido se algo tivesse sido diferente. Serve para arrependimentos, lições aprendidas e post-mortems de incidentes.
Regras
Selecione um trecho para grifar ou adicionar uma nota ao seu caderno.
- Estrutura: If + past perfect, would have + particípio. If we had tested it, we would have found the bug.
- Fala de algo que não aconteceu e não dá mais para mudar. Em português: Se tivéssemos testado, teríamos encontrado. A parte com if apresenta a condição imaginada; a outra mostra o resultado. A ordem pode mudar: We would have found the bug if we had tested it.
- Contrações: If I'd known, I'd have called. O primeiro I'd é I had; o segundo é I would.
- Negativa: had not + particípio na condição; would not have + particípio no resultado. If she hadn't helped, we wouldn't have finished. (Se ela não tivesse ajudado, não teríamos terminado.) Para perguntar, coloque would antes da pessoa: Would we have finished if she hadn't helped?
- Nunca use would have na parte do if. If I would have known aparece na fala de alguns americanos, mas é considerado erro; evite no trabalho.
- Condicional misto (só para reconhecer): passado irreal com resultado no presente. If I had taken that job, I would be in London now.
- Na fala, would have soa would've (uúdav). Nunca escreva would of.
| Pessoa | Afirmativa | Negativa | Pergunta |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | I would have called. | I wouldn't have called. | Would I have called? |
| you | You would have called. | You wouldn't have called. | Would you have called? |
| he | He would have called. | He wouldn't have called. | Would he have called? |
| she | She would have called. | She wouldn't have called. | Would she have called? |
| it | It would have worked. | It wouldn't have worked. | Would it have worked? |
| we | We would have called. | We wouldn't have called. | Would we have called? |
| they | They would have called. | They wouldn't have called. | Would they have called? |
| Tipo | Estrutura | Exemplo |
|---|---|---|
| primeiro | If + presente, will + base | If the client calls, I will help him. |
| segundo | If + passado, would + base | If the client called, I would help him. |
| terceiro | If + past perfect, would have + particípio | If the client had called, I would have helped him. |
| misto | If + past perfect, would + base | If I had studied design, I would work as a designer now. |
Exemplos
- If we had checked the bank details, the payment wouldn't have failed.Se tivéssemos conferido os dados bancários, o pagamento não teria falhado.
- If I'd known about the holiday, I would have sent it on Friday.Se eu soubesse do feriado, teria mandado na sexta.
- We wouldn't have lost the client if we had answered faster.Não teríamos perdido o cliente se tivéssemos respondido mais rápido.
- What would you have done if the system had crashed during the demo?O que você teria feito se o sistema tivesse caído durante a demo?
- If she had accepted the offer, she would be our manager now.Se ela tivesse aceitado a proposta, seria nossa gestora agora.
Erros comuns
- Errado:
If I would have known, I would have called.Certo: If I had known, I would have called.Na parte do if vai o past perfect, nunca would have. - Errado:
If we checked it, we would have found the error.Certo: If we had checked it, we would have found the error.Para o passado irreal, a parte do if precisa do past perfect. - Errado:
I would of called you.Certo: I would have called you.Would've soa como would of, mas a forma escrita é have.
Pratique antes de avançar
- Escreva três arrependimentos profissionais no formato If I had..., I would have...
- Complete: If the client ___ (send) the documents earlier, we ___ (approve) the account last week.
Prática extra opcional
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